Ngā Ngaru Whakawhitiwhiti ā-Ao 2026: Ngā Wero mō ngā Kaituku Hiko Hainamana me tā Mātou Tirohanga mō tētahi Pūnaha Mana o te Ao e Kaha Ake Ana

**Whakaahuatanga Meta**: I te huihuinga a ngā kaiārahi o te ao ki Haina i te marama o Mei 2026, tirohia ngā wero hou e pā ana ki ngā kaihokohoko taputapu hiko me te pehea e tukuna ai e People Electric ngā otinga whaimana IEC tere, pono hoki hei whakaoti rapanga i te raruraru hanganga hiko o te ao.

I roto i ngā wiki e rua kua pahure ake nei, kua manaaki a Beijing i tētahi ngaru o te ao tūmatanui kāore i kitea i mua: kua tae mai ngā haerenga ā-motu a te Perehitini Putin o Rūhia, a te Perehitini Tokayev o Kazakhstan, a te Piriniha Karauna Mohammed o Saudi Arabia, a te Perehitini Shehbaz Sharif o Pakitāne, me te Perehitini Võ Văn Thưởng o Vietnam, ā, kua hainatia e rātou neke atu i te 120 ngā whakaaetanga mahi tahi ā-rua, neke atu i te $250 piriona te uara. I taua wā anō, i mutu te Hui Minita Pūngao a te SCO i Ningbo me te 25 hainatanga kaupapa pūngao, ko te tapeke he 40 piriona yuan ($5.6 piriona) me te 12GW o te kaha hiko hou.

Mō te umanga taputapu hiko o te ao e $1.84 trillion te uara, ka hangaia e tēnei nekehanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ngā whai wāhitanga whakarerekētanga me ngā wero hou nui. Hei kaihanga hiko matua o Haina me te aroaro i roto i ngā whenua 87, kei mua a People Electric i tēnei whenua hurihuri. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tātarihia e mātou ngā wero matua e puta mai ana i tēnei wā hou o te mahi tahi o te ao, ā, ka whakamāramahia me pēhea e āwhina ai ō mātou pūkenga ahurei ki te hanga i tētahi pūnaha mana o te ao haumaru ake, utu iti ake, me te pakari ake.

Wāhanga 1: Ngā Wero Hou e Pā Ana ki ngā Kaihoko Hiko Hainamana

Ahakoa kua huakina e te ngaru o ngā haerenga mai o ngā tari tōrangapū he maha ngā whai wāhitanga mākete hou, kua ara ake hoki te pae mō te whakataetae o te ao, ā, e whā ngā wero motuhake me aro atu e ngā kaihokohoko ki tāwāhi:

⭕️Te Pikinga o ngā Whakaritenga Whakatakotoranga puta noa i ngā Mākete Matua Katoa

Tata ki ngā whenua katoa i toro atu ki Haina i ngā wā tata nei kua whakapuaki i ngā ture ihirangi ā-rohe mō ngā kaupapa hanganga:

- Saudi Arabia: Mai i Ākuhata 2026, ka hiahiatia he ōwehenga iti rawa o te ihirangi ā-rohe mō ngā kāwai hua 233 tae atu ki ngā whakawhiti hiko me ngā taura, ka piki ki te 35% i te tau 2028

- Īnia: Ko ngā kaupapa rokiroki pūngao pākahiko (BESS) e rapu ana i ngā tautoko a te kāwanatanga me whakauru inaianei ki te 20% o ngā ihirangi ā-rohe

- Kazakhstan: Me 30% te nui o te hanga ā-rohe e hiahiatia ana mō ngā kaupapa whatunga hiko i te tau 2027

- Āhia ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti: Ko Initonīhia, ko Whitināmu me ngā Piripīni e whakahau ana i te māngai ture ā-rohe me te whakamātautau ā-roto mō te tiwhikete hua hiko

Ko te tikanga o ēnei whakaritenga, kāore e ranea ngā tauira kaweake parakore mō te angitu mō te wā roa i roto i ēnei mākete tipu tere.

⭕️Whakataetae Rohe Whakanuia

Nā ngā putanga hou o ngā mahi tōrangapū kua arohia te ao katoa ki ēnei mākete hou, ā, kua tae mai ngā kaiwhakataetae hou mai i Ūropi, Kōrea ki te Tonga me Turkey. Kei te tuku inaianei ngā kaihanga o te Hauāuru i ngā tikanga pūtea ngāwari me ngā wā tuku tere hei pupuri i te wāhi mākete, i te mea kei te whakamahi ngā kaitākaro ā-rohe i ngā utu kawe iti me te mōhiotanga pai ake ki te mākete ā-rohe.

⭕️  Te Whakapūmautanga Uaua me te Wehewehenga Ture

Ahakoa ko te IEC tonu te paerewa tūāpapa o te ao, kei te tāpirihia e ia rohe ōna ake whakaritenga motuhake:

- Rūhia: Me whai tiwhikete GOST tonu mō ētahi kaupapa kāwanatanga, ahakoa te whakaaetanga whakamihi tahi a IEC-GOST tata nei

- Te Rawhiti o Waenganui: He rerekē te whakaae ki te tiwhikete SASO me te kaupapa IECEE CB i ia whenua

- Āwherika: Ko te ranunga o ngā paerewa IEC, o te wā koroni o Peretānia me Wīwī ka nui ake te uaua o te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga

Nā tēnei wehewehenga ka nui ake ngā utu whakawhanake me te wā ki te mākete mō ngā hua hou.

⭕️ Te Pēhanga Rohe o te Mekameka Tuku

He maha ngā whenua e akiaki ana i ngā mekameka tuku ā-rohe hei whakaiti i ngā mōrearea ā-ao. Kua hurihia kētia ngā mekameka tuku o te ao e te Ture Ahumahi Kore Kupenga a te EU me te Ture Whakaiti Pikinga o Amerika, ā, kei te whai i tēnei tauira ngā mākete hou. Me whakatū e ngā kaihanga Hainamana ngā pokapū whakaputa ā-rohe me ngā whare huihuinga kia mau tonu ai te whakataetae.

Wāhanga 2: Ngā Huarahi a te Hiko o te Tangata ki te Pūnaha Hiko o te Ao

Ahakoa ngā wero o tēnei ao, kāore anō kia rerekē te āhua o te ao: kei te anga atu te ao ki tētahi raruraru hanganga hiko kāore i kitea i mua, kāore e taea e ngā kaiwhakarato tuku iho te whakaoti ko rātou anake. E ai ki te IEA, ka piki ake te hiahia hiko o te ao mā te 3.7% i te tau 2026, nā ngā pokapū raraunga AI, te whakaurunga pūngao hou, me te hiko ahumahi. Heoi anō:

- E tata ana te 70% o ngā hanganga hiko o Amerika ki te mutunga o tōna oranga mahi

- 40% o ngā whatunga hiko o te EU kua neke atu i te 40 tau te pakeke, ā, kua hangaia mō te wā o ngā wahie pūmua

- Ko ngā wā arataki mō ngā whakawhiti hiko nui e noho tonu ana i te 120–210 wiki (2–4 tau) puta noa i te ao

- Kua piki ake ngā utu o ngā taputapu whakawhiti hiko mā te 75% mai i te tau 2019

Koinei te wāhi e whai wāhi motuhake ai a People Electric ki te pūnaha hiko o te ao:

✅️ Ka Whakatauhia e Mātou te Raruraru Tukunga o te Ao: 45 Ngā Rā, 2–4 Tau rānei

Ko tā mātou painga whakataetae nui rawa atu ko tō mātou kaha ki te tuku taputapu hiko kounga teitei kua whakamanahia e te IEC i roto i te wā poto noa iho o te wā arahi toharite o te umanga. Ahakoa e kī ana ngā kaihanga o te Hauāuru he 2–4 tau mō ngā whakawhiti hiko paerewa, ka tukuna e mātou:

- Ngā Whakawhiti Hiko Ruku-Hinu Raupapa S11-M (10kV–35kV, 50kVA–2500kVA): 45 rā

- Ngā Wāhi Whakamutu Arahiko Ā-Hau Atamai Raupapa RDW5 (200A–6300A): 30 rā

- Ngā Whakawhiti Resin Maka Raupapa SCB14: 45 rā

Ehara tēnei āheinga i te mea he mea whai hua noa iho—he mea āwhina hoki mō ngā whenua e pāngia ana e te korenga o te hiko me te whakaroa i ngā kaupapa. Hei tauira, ko tētahi pokapū raraunga AI 100MW, mehemea kāore i whakaroahia mō te 2 tau, ka taea te whakahaere i roto i te 3 marama noa iho me ā mātou taputapu, ka puta ake he moni whiwhi tāpiri neke atu i te $700 miriona.

✅️Ka Whakaitihia e Mātou te Utu mō ngā Hanganga Hiko Hou mō te Katoa

Mā ā mātou pūkenga hanga-ā-roto kua whakauruhia katoatia ka taea e mātou te tuku hua he **15–25% te iti ake te utu** i ngā waeine rite i hangaia e te Hauāuru, ahakoa he taake me ngā utu tuku. He mea nui tēnei mō ngā whenua whakawhanake kāore e taea te utu i ngā utu nui e utua ana e ngā kaiwhakarato tuku iho.

Hei tauira, ka whakaitihia e ā mātou whakawhiti hiko raupapa S11-M te ngaronga kore-kawenga mā te 30% ki te whakataurite ki ngā tauira tuku iho, ka tukuna he penapena pūngao tonu e whakaiti ana i te utu katoa o te mana whakahaere. Mā tēnei ka whai hua te whakahoutanga o te whatunga hiko me ngā kaupapa pūngao whakahou i roto i ngā whenua kua mahue ki muri i te whakawhiti pūngao.

✅️Ka Tukuna e Mātou Ngā Hua i Hangaia mō Ngā Taiao Tino Kino o te Ao

Kua hoahoatia, kua whakamatautauria hoki ā mātou hua kia pono ai te mahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga tino kino o te Ao:

- Tino makariri: Ka mahi pono ā mātou whakawhiti hiko me ngā whati hiko i ngā pāmahana iti iho i te -40°C, he mea tino pai mō Siberia, Āhia Waenganui me Kanata ki te Raki

- Te wera me te onepu o te koraha: Ka tiakina e ā mātou whare hiri me ngā paninga ātete-waikura mai i ngā pāmahana tae atu ki te 55°C me te urunga o te onepu, kua whakamātauhia i roto i tā mātou kaupapa pāmu rā 500MW i Saudi Arabia

- Rehu tote takutai: Ka ātete ā mātou anga maitai piauau me ngā rauemi whakamahana motuhake ki te waikura i ngā taiao takutai

Nā te roa o te ora o te ao, ka taea e te raina hua kotahi te mahi ki ngā mākete maha, ka whakaiti i ngā utu whakawhanake me te whakahaere i ngā rawa mō ā mātou kiritaki.

✅️Ka whakaterea e mātou te Whakawhiti Pūngao o te Ao

Ka whakaratohia e mātou he otinga whānui mō ngā kaupapa pūngao hou, e kapi ana i te mekameka uara katoa mai i te whakaputanga ki te hononga whatunga ki te tohatoha:

- Ngā Hīhi DC Raupapa RDT8-PV: Kua whakamanahia e IEC 60269-6, me te wā pakaru poto <2ms mō ngā pūnaha rokiroki hiko me te pūngao

- Ngā Wāhi Whakaweto Ara iahiko NM8-PV Raupapa PV: He whakatauranga DC 1000V, he kōwhiringa IP65 mō ngā tāutanga o waho

- Ngā otinga katoa o te teihana hiko: Kua oti te huihui me te whakamatautau i roto i ā mātou wheketere, ka whakaiti i te wā tāutanga i te papaanga mā te 50%

Tae noa ki tēnei wā, kua tautokohia e ā mātou otinga te neke atu i te 10GW o te kaha kua tāutahia ki ngā PV o te ao me te 1.5GWh o te rokiroki pūngao, e āwhina ana i ngā whenua ki te whakaiti i ā rātou tukunga waro mā te neke atu i te 12 miriona tana ia tau.

✅️Ka Hangaia e Mātou he Mekameka Tuku Ao e Kaha Ake Ana te Manawanui

He rerekē ki te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakarato e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā kaihanga tuatoru, ka whakahaerehia e mātou ia wāhanga o te hanga mai i te kimi rauemi mata ki te huihuinga whakamutunga. Mā tēnei whakahaere mekameka ahumahi katoa ka whakarite kia:

- He kounga pumau me te reiti paahitanga hua 99.9%

- He pumau te utu ahakoa ngā piki me ngā heke o te utu o ngā rauemi mata

- Tukunga pono ahakoa ngā raruraru o te mekameka tuku o te ao

- Kāore he whakawhirinakitanga ki ngā mekameka tuku wāhanga e whakahaerehia ana e te Hauāuru

I tēnei ao e piki haere ana te koretake o te ao tōrangapū, kei te noho ko tēnei pakari o te mekameka tuku taonga hei tetahi o ā tātou rawa tino nui.